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Wind generator kite system       Paul F. Pugh

Methods
for
Airborne Wind Energy
Generation Systems

See also
here.
 
(This is a growing file; known methods are not yet comprehensively posted in list.)

Target: Open a folder on each method or option; post  related discussion notes and links.

All are invited to send notes on proposed or achieved methods of making and collecting energy from kite systems. If the title is still black, then the folder has not been started yet. 
Enter data and notes via Notes@EnergyKiteSystems.net   
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  • Generator based at ground or water surface
    • Tripod-Tether Systems  (several sub-methods)\
    • Big milestone reached:  M2917  Jan. 15, 2011. "New Persistent Flight Principle Demonstrated (Pumped Tri-Tether)" by inventor Dave Santos.
       
    • Reel, reel-in and reel-out, Yo-yo, pumping
       
    • Rail-car
       
    • Sailed rail car
       
    • LoopTether or single loop tether through one ground generator or "FanBelt"  where aloft actions cause the tethering belt to drive the generator
       
    • Single-loop through two ground pulleys
       
    • Flipper
       
    • Sputnik   
        
    • Wriggle line
       
    • Undulations in tether tension with cycle short or long. 
      Uno-line reciprocator.  Duo-tether reciprocator. Tri-sub-tether reciprocator.  Long-cost phase or very-short cost changeover cusp at change. Smoothing devices. Lois, Loyd, Santos, Faust, and others.
       
    • US Pat. 3924827  Lambros Lois  
    • US Pat. 4076190  Lambros Lois   


       
    • Two-Kite Solution (TKS)
       
    • WindBelt
       
    • Torsion line or tube (various arrangements of rotating kites and/or line propellers using lifter kites. Use torsion of main tether to turn generator.
       
    • Torsion devices outlined by Geoffrey G at http://www.hicon.us/gpage7.html and  http://www.hicon.us/gpage16.html   Geoff Goeggel 
       
    • Kite or kytoon lifted tensional towers which towers hold various wing formations that drive torsion tubes
       
    • Torsion tube with main tether through hollow torsion tube and hollow generator shaft to aft winch/reel; wings attached to torsion tube.  See SpiralAirfoil Airborne Division.
       
    • M252  Torsion AWE via lifter kites (of LTA or HTA kites)
       
    • Lifted SpiralFoil torsion sector solution
       
    • LadderMillTM    1.  Large loop with ascenders and descender wings. 2. Pumping Mill with single line and two modes (near Lang Reel-In method).
       
    • Harry Valentine illustrates a big wheel methodBig Wheel             Merry-go-round generator  
        
    • Kite-pulled water turbine
       
    • Line resonance
       
    • Kite-pulled wheeled generator
       
    • TippingBoom   TipB   See M109
       
    • Cross-rotate Boom    CRB
       
    • Up and Down Boom   UDB    See WPI   
      Also explore Darin Selby for aim for full cycle advantage.
       
    • Carousel Booms    See KiteGen merry-go-round generator
       
    • Kite-Driven Lever  (KDL) (class of moved booms at ground to drive generator or pump or do immediate leverage work)
       
    • Pendulum-and-wheel methods
       
    • Twind®
       
    • Drag hydro-turbined barge via kites
       
    • The ground-based generator may double-serve as motor for winching airborne wings.
       
    • Rotokite  with reel-out power phase: Xerces Blue
       
    • Cooperative IP Disclosure: 
      Gearless AWE system: see M231

       
    • Selsam Innovations
      Doug Selsam.      SkySerpent    SkySerpant SuperTurbine       See vids and NOTICE.    Torsion using set of bladed turbines driving ground generator; AWE system lifter by balloons and parachute; same could be lifted by kite or kytoon or combinations of lifters.   http://selsam.com/
       
    • Lifted loop; loop driven by circling low-mass kite that drives lofted lever; lever drives upper gear that drives loop; loop at base station drives generator.   Simple. All elements are scalable for mining high-altitude wind.  Drawing.
       
    • VariDrogue in several formats: (these differ from the straightforward reeling method of in and out from AoA changes or massive shape changing on flying wing)
      • Single tether  to lifter with variDrogue at midline cycling open/close to operate groundstation levers driving pump or generator
      • Single lifter with variDrogue being at the lifter itself with cycling drag on and off for tether to drive groundstation levers or booms to drive generator or pump
      • Two separate lifters with separation and each having a mid-tether variDrogue (or being at lifter with variDrogue being lifter) with alternating the phase of the two variDrogues to drive tether to drive groundstation gear on generator or rocker arm.
         
      • Two missing AWE solutions-
        A Traction Kite can sequentially pull the legs of a string tripod to generate energy with wind from any direction without resetting leg anchors.
         
        Sequential tensioning & slacking of the legs of a string tripod can maintain a kite aloft in calm by towing it in circles. Similarly a kite can be kept aloft by towing back & forth between two anchors. 
        Large expensive turrets, carousels, or circular/oval tracks are rendered unnecessary                                   
                           Dave Santos            May 2009
      • Spread of two coupled kites pulls center of central bridged-held line; bring the coupled kites toward each other to release downwardly the center of central bridged-held line; the central-bridge-held line pulls and releases in cycles to drive sprag-clutched  ground gen. The working line could be springed tensed or worked from another third spreading kite that is timed rightly. This method has not been demonstrated yet.  JpF March 2010.     M1389    M1392
         
      • Aloft blades spinning to drive reciprocating multi-membered sub-tethers for driving groundgen or groundpump. See Loyd's tri-tether in faired shroud tether.  See Faust's duo-tether reciprocator scheme.  See the loop or fan-belt methods. See also different Dave Santos' Tri-Tether with looping wings beneath lifter kites in a groundgen scheme.  See also the tri-string of Lambros Lois for a groundgen.    Distinguish these various methods and provide firm place in classification schemes for each of them.     M2610
         
  • Generator in sky  (energy transport options are several)
    • Kytoon-lofted WarpTM
    • MagGennTM    Magenn Air Rotor System (M.A.R.S.)
    • Wind Dam
    • Dynamically-coupled kites (DCK)
    • Kite-lifted spinners.
    • WindSpinner by Darin Selby
    • Piezoelectric parts in aloft KES
    • No-tether-to-ground jet-stream-involved dual-aircraft EKS AWE  Power beam energy from above. Use differential momentums of two aloft locations aloft-coupled smartly; one location stays in the jet stream; the coupled location is out of the jet stream. Massively-smart controls tap the system for some energy converted to power beams which energy is sent to receivers on the ground or sea or to active aircraft.  June 15, 2009: Contact: Editor@UpperWindpower.com
      • Dale C. Kramer extended with RATs.  Free-flight bi-kited tether.
      • See also the LTA coupled with HTA kite free-flight AWECS. M2607
         
    • Rotor-craft complex: Have conducting tether; use grid electricity to power the rotor-craft to high altitude winds; shut off the grid powering that lifted the system; let autorotation occur to drive the rotors using high altitude wind; have part of the rotation give lift to the system to sustain positions in the best wind; use the remaining rotation of the rotors to drive hub or circumferential electric generator; send the made electricity down the conductive tether to do work locally or in a large grid. Or use the electricity to pump water into a high reservoir, or to charge another type of battery.  SkyWindPower company is considering this type of system.
       
    • conductive tether, conductive kite line   M474
    • Gen aloft, but no conductive tether: convert gained aloft electricity to laser; beam the energy to other aircraft or to ground receivers.
    • Generate rotations aloft and transmit the rotation via fanBelt or loops to groundstationed pumps or electric generators or grinders, etc.
       
    • Recall the complex: Dual kite system with no hard tether to ground; one is drogue generating electricity converted to laser; one is in jet stream generating electricity converted to laser; lasers send energy to earth receiver spots with smart tracking; military advances in lasers bring this more into attention. Operations are smartly robot controlled. Ground station could be roof top of huge second-purpose food-production facility, etc. --- public domain.   .... Spawned from book Without Visible Means of Support and synergies of the EnergyKiteSystems AWE community...
       
  • Hybrid methods
    • UEK in water towed by energy kite systems; hence water kite and air kite coupled.
    • Airborne energy kite system towing soil kite generator. Working tipping boom could be involved also.
    • TEWP  Terrain Enabled Wind Power 
      • Spiders are leaders on this realm; they form webs from terrain and terrain-based structures. Insects  by flight and wind become little kites as they get caught in webs. The motion is part of the game of energy exchange; motion warns the spider; the kited insect caught becomes food converted to energy for the spider.  
      • Pierre Benhaïem has forward many TEWP concepts.
      • Harry Valentine  has supplied many drawings re: TEWP
      • M344 begins a thread of discussion on TEWP
      • Count buildings as terrain. Dams, skyscrapers. decommissioned hard-towers of ground-hugging wind power turbines.

    •  
  • Energy transport options
    • Electric conductor lines from sky-based generator
    • Form lasers in sky and then transport energy via power-beam or fiber optics
    • Power beaming
    • Radio frequency transport
    • Laser transport
    • Microwave transport
    • Hydrogen transport
    • Water head
    • Heat
    • Produce hydrogen from water in air
    • Use mechanical tug of ships by kite systems. This saves having to use the oil cycle.
    • Modular Pumped Storage  August 6, 2007

       
  • Energy storage options
    • Pump water to a heightened head
    • Charge ultracapacitors
    • Charge batteries
    • Enter the electricity to an extant grid for direct use or storage via grid-support storage
    • Flywheel
    • Lift mass up incline or up tower or up side of a mountain for later release to drive generator
    • v
    • v
    • v
    •  
  • Levers:
    • Carousel radial arms ---KiteGen The radial levers rotate a central shaft that drives the generator.
      http://www.energykitesystems.net/KiteGen/index.html
    • Rocking arm ---WPI Kite Team http://www.energykitesystems.net/WPI/index.html
    • Rocking arm ---Darin Selby slider with smart use of gravity in rocking cycle in an aim to capture power in the full rocking cycle.
    • Rooted windward long arm (perhaps with windward wheel) Generator could be at root of boom obtaining high mechanical advantage from the lever arm; and perhaps also generator in axle of windward wheel, or both) (no reference, but it is close to these matters)
    • Orthogonal tipping boom (somewhat inclined-windward boom with counter-mass pendulumed, but connected to windward generator driving shaft via sprag clutches) (Faust and Santos) M109
    • Oscillating two-arm on vertical axis driven by kite in crosswind cycles: Figure 1b in patent
      http://www.google.com/patents?id=njstAAAAEBAJ
    • Jiggling high turbulent bouncing wafting lever using flapping and collapsing as assets
    • ??????????     Send notes:  Notes@EnergyKiteSystems.net

    •  
  • Calm strategies
    • Powered tripod
    • Powered-reel-in-through-calm strategy
    • Powered-flight-through-calm strategy  (various)
    • LTA lifters
    • Aloft powering via stored energy
       
  • Destructive-storm strategies
    • Base station shelter
    • Morphing and remain aloft
    • Kill-lines
    • Avoidance via smart weather-watch systems
  • Jet stream
  • Arches, Meshes, Domes
    • Mothra (lifter of WECS as well as global motions to drive generators)
    • Complex arch kites
  • Kite groups
    • Gather driven lines to drive large legacy power plant generator.
  • Flywheel charged by kite system motions. Use the flywheel energy for direct mechanical works.
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